Which factor influences the cruising altitude of VFR aircraft between 3,000 and 18,000 feet?

The cruising altitude of VFR (Visual Flight Rules) aircraft between 3,000 and 18,000 feet is primarily influenced by the magnetic heading of the aircraft. According to FAA regulations, VFR flight altitudes are determined by the magnetic course being flown.

For VFR flights, altitude rules state that when flying between 3,000 and 18,000 feet MSL (Mean Sea Level), pilots should maintain odd thousands plus 500 feet when flying magnetic courses from 180 to 359 degrees, and even thousands plus 500 feet when flying magnetic courses from 0 to 179 degrees. This helps to ensure vertical separation between aircraft operating in opposite directions and enhances safety in the airspace.

While the weight of the aircraft, the pilot's preferences, and air traffic control instructions may influence flight operations, the specific altitude for cruising under VFR conditions is strictly determined based on the magnetic heading as per regulatory guidelines.