In a standard formation, how do aircraft squawk to ATC?

In a standard formation, the correct procedure is that only the leader squawks the assigned code. This method helps to simplify the situation for air traffic control (ATC) and provides a clear and coherent identification for the entire formation. By having only the leader transmit the assigned transponder code, it reduces the potential for confusion that might arise if multiple aircraft were squawking the same code simultaneously. This is particularly important in busy airspace, where ATC relies on clear communication and identifiable signals from aircraft for safety and efficiency.

The other choices may introduce complexity and could lead to miscommunication. If all aircraft squawk simultaneously, it can create a clutter of signals that ATC may struggle to differentiate. Each aircraft squawking the assigned code could potentially confuse ATC, especially if they are all operating in close proximity. Lastly, having all aircraft squawk standby would not provide ATC with the necessary identification of the formation, leaving them unaware of the aircraft's status and location. Thus, the established protocol for formation flying is designed to ensure clarity and situational awareness for both the aircraft and ATC.